Mines of Rammelsberg
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| Mines of Rammelsberg | |
| Location | [[:]], Germany |
| Date | |
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| UNESCO World Heritage Sites | |
| Name | Mines of Rammelsberg and Historic Town of Goslar |
| UNESCO State Party | Germany |
| Region | Europe and North America |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | i, iv |
| UNESCO Site ID | 623 |
| Year of Listing | 1992 |
| Building Details |
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Mines of Rammelsberg
The Mines of Rammelsberg are a UNESCO World heritage site near the German town of Goslar, the site of continuous mineral extraction over a period of more than 1000 years. The Rammelsberg is a mountain, whose summit is at 636 meters above sea level.
History
The mining history of the Rammelsberg occurred as a continuous process in different phases. Initially the main product was silver ore, then later copper, and finally lead. The mines were exhausted only in the 1980s, and were shut down in 1988. The ore contained an average of 14% of zinc, 6% lead, 2% copper, 1 g/t gold and 140 g/t silver.
Mining at the Rammelsberg was first mentioned in the Res gestae saxonicae by Saxon chronicler Widukind of Corvey about 968. Recent archeological findings at the location of Düna (near Osterode) suggest that, in fact, mining had already begun 2000 years earlier. Layers of an early settlement dated to about the 3rd or 4th century AD located about 25 miles south of the Rammelsberg contained not only pre-industrial melting equipment but also remains of ore, which could clearly be identified as Rammelsberg ore.
Attracted by the occurrence of silver Emperor Henry II from 1005 on had a Kaiserpfalz built at the southern slope of the Rammelsberg, the mines remained an Imperial estate and later were held in pledge by the Imperial city of Goslar. In 1552 the mining rights finally passed to Duke Henry V of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the history of the Rammelsberg mine about 27 million tons of ore were extracted from the mountain.
Museum
After the mines were closed down by the Preussag company a museum was established to preserve the heritage and to display the history of the mines and their industrial equipment. The museum is an Anchor Point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage.
External links
References
da:Rammelsberg de:Rammelsberg es:Minas de Rammelsberg fr:Mines de Rammelsberg it:Miniere di Rammelsberg he:מכרות רמלסברג hu:Rammelsbergi bánya nl:Rammelsbergmijnen pl:Kopalnia Rammelsberg pt:Minas de Rammelsberg fi:Rammelsberg sv:Rammelsberg vi:Các mỏ ở Rammelsberg zh:拉默尔斯贝格矿
